The Novel Dracula By Bram Stoker, Is A Horror Story That

The novel Dracula by Bram Stoker, is a horror story that involves a group of male protagonists, Jonathan Harker, a solicitor, Dr. John Seward, an asylum doctor and Dr. Van Helsing, a scientist, who are out to kill The Count as they fear he may bring more tragedy to their homeland. Before all this chaos, it starts off with Jonathan going to Transylvania to help Dracula with some real estate business. On his journey and stay at the castle, he experiences strange and odd things. He soon finds out that he is The Counts prisoner and tries to escape. His escape was successful but his stay at the castle made him go crazy and he now suffers from a brain fever. Lucy, Mina’s friend, and Mina, Jonathan’s wife, are prisoners of The Count as well but†¦show more content†¦It’s a big puzzle, but Mina doesn’t seem to mind, especially after she took up countless hours working on these journals as Jonathan writes, â€Å"Somehow, it was a dread to me that [Mina] wa s in this fearful business at all; but now that her work is done, and that it is due to her energy and brains and foresight that the whole story is put together in such a way that every point tells†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (218). His wife contributing in these dangerous activities worry him as he feels that her life can be in vital danger in these certain situations. Jonathan feels that as her husband he should keep her safe at all times. Without Minas help with organizing the journal entries and letters, their journey would be unsuccessful. She also helps them get a sense on how everything leads up to the events that are happening at the moment with Dracula. She even has a small connection to The Count after one night in Dr. John Seward’s work place, when she was forced to suck his blood. This connection to The Count is accessed by Van Helsing hypnotizing her. Under this trance, she can hear whatever The Count hears and with this small connection to him, she can tell the rest of the m en what The Count is up to. Mina contributes tremendously and for this she breaks away from being this stereotypical woman. Moreover, gender roles also have a significant part in the story. Men at the time were considered the dominant species, while women, on the other hand, were supposed to stay at home andShow MoreRelatedA Comparison Of Dracula And Dracula1429 Words   |  6 PagesDracula is the infamous vampire that readers were ï ¬ rst introduced to by Irish author Bram Stoker in 1897 when they read his novel Dracula (Stoker). 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This novel is an outstanding masterpiece of work, which is why it has been a prototype for var ious movie releases over the decades, such as Nosferatu, Horror of Dracula, Dracula A LoveRead More Foreshadowing, Mood, Mythical Parallels, and Narrative Elements in Dracula1433 Words   |  6 PagesNarrative Elements in Dracula      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the novel Dracula, by Bram Stoker, there is much evidence of foreshadowing and parallels to other myths.   Dracula was not the first story featuring a vampire myth, nor was it the last.   Some would even argue that it was not the best.   However, it was the most original, using foreshadowing and mood to create horrific imagery, mythical parallels to draw upon a source of superstition, and original narrative elements that make this story unique.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Read MoreDracula, By Bram Stoker1291 Words   |  6 Pages ​Bram Stoker, author of Dracula, not only creates the early depiction of vampire stories; but writes more to contradict the age old beliefs of women and their role in society. Dracula is more that just a vampire story. There is a deeper level to this. A level in which it can incite change in the way one percieves women. There is a noition that all women were to be the same but Dracula refutes that. Vampire sexuality, as represented in Bram Stoker s Dracula, reveals itself as both a phenomenon that

Educational Psychology Personal Statement - 896 Words

When I declared a psychology major during the second year of my undergraduate career, my objective was to attend medical school and eventually become a psychiatrist. I enjoyed the psychology classes in which I was enrolled and found them to compliment the premed curriculum I also wanted to study. I reasoned that a major in psychology would provide insight that could later be useful in my planned studies of psychiatry. Although I decided against going to medical school, psychology remained the primary area of focus of my studies with the ultimate career goal of becoming a clinical psychologist. While my long term professional plans include achieving a PhD and becoming a clinical psychologist. Pursuing a masters degree in†¦show more content†¦After discussing these thoughts with my father it also became obvious that educators are not to be blamed for the students who are left lacking with gaps in their knowledge. 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Operation Management Restocking of Shelves

Question: Discuss about the Operation Management for Restocking of Shelves. Answer: Introduction: The first change that Wall-mart can bring is to improve the look of their store is to lower their shelf size in the entrance and reduce tidiness in the store by cutting down on the number of products. Customer complaint that the restocking of shelves is not fast enough and it lacks cleanliness and tidiness. As a result, the store design and the layout have to compromise with the customer convenience. Additionally, the customer also feels that the in-house layout is not well-maintained and representative enough to attract the customer. Taken for instance, in apparel section, there is no fashion message and it is not well assorted by style, size, or color due to less space. Thus, stocking of huge products in the inventory and use fewer racks in the physical stores will be an improvement in the appearance of the warehouse. All the stock items can be displayed digitally and on being requested it can be brought to the customer from the inventory. It is evident that from the first change, it will wipe out significant revenue and thus it is important to increase the product n a different way so that more products can be served to the customer. Thus, formulating more inventory space for storing all kind of the goods will be a move for improvement. Moreover, many experts argued that Wal-Mart need to improve traffic-driving side businesses for care clinic, financial services and gas facilities by designing their layout and address their concern towards the traffic pattern and site plans. The primary reason these experts provides is that recently opened stores are not quite as good as prior ones." Taken for instance, in the US, the new Wal-Mart-store in Creekside Park faces difficulty with their auto center that faces the Timber Creek Elementary School. So, a step for improvement is the collaboration with the coalitions and Creekside Park residents. Justification for improvement in layout The justification regarding with the first change is that Wal-Mart sells different sizes of the same brand and they can limit the size of the same products to two to three. This will reduce the tidiness and enhances the cleanliness of the store. In addition to that, by lowering the size of the shelves at the entrance or checkout points will be beneficial as it can provide shoppers to see the whole store when they come for shopping and can navigate their destination easily. In addition to that, the implementation of digital shopping option in the physical store of Wal-Mart will allow the users to room to play and can navigate easily to their destination on the digital menu boards (See Appendix, Figure 1). These menus can also perform as an entertainment source like watching TV and see how their cars are being served outside. The justification regarding the second improvement is that effective collaboration ensures the support of the alliance and other construction in the neighborhood and affects fewer natural resource. The collaboration of the unified community finds solutions that mitigate risks caused by the construction of the new inventory of the physical store. Reference List Ahire, Sanjay L., Manoj K. Malhotra, and John B. Jensen. "Carton-Mix Optimization for Walmart. com Distribution Centers."Interfaces45.4 (2015): 341-357. Karrholm, Mattias.Retailising space: architecture, retail and the territorialisation of public space. Routledge, 2016. Peters, Anicia Nicola. "Influence of video food ads in digital menu boards and healthy eating decisions." (2014). Roberts, Bryan, and Natalie Berg.Walmart: Key Insights and Practical Lessons from the World's Largest Retailer. Kogan Page Publishers, 2012.

Johnson Johnson SWOT Analysis

Introduction Johnson Johnson is an American company manufacturing pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and consumer packaged goods worldwide. It was founded in New Brunswick, New Jersey, in 1886; its headquarters are still there though it has subsidiary companies all over the globe. The company name is synonymous with its baby care products though it has wide range of products not only pharmaceutical but also in the allied segments of diagnostic devices and surgery.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Johnson Johnson SWOT Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Their well-known OTC products are Tylenol, Motrin, Johnson’s baby oil, visine, Bengay, Neutrogenga skin care products and Band-Aid bandages (MBA Lectures, 2010). After starting in 1896, the company expanded first to Canada in 1919 and later to Britain in 1924. Its public launch was in 1944 listing with the New York Stock Exchange. Its strate gic acquisition started with Neutrogena in 1994 and Depuy in 1998. During the period from 1989 to 1999, the company had 45 acquisitions to its credit. Johnson Johnson began to help doctors and nurses to use sterile sutures, dressings and bandages in the treatment of wounds. This fuelled further innovative ideas to be introduced from time to time ever since. (Marketing Teacher.com, n.d). Keeping its responsibility towards environment, the company formulated in its vision statement that it should use the resources that are environmental friendly. Its major products of traditional production are Band-Aids, Listerine and Baby Lotion. As part of its healthy planet program, it sets up new long term goals every five years Their long term goals include direct purchase of low cost hydro and wind power, and acquiring on-site solar power and land fill gas. It is also maintaining the largest fleet of hybrid vehicles throughout the world (Boone and Kurtz, 2011). The Company is still remembered for its response to people who died of cyanide poisoning of its Tylenol capsules as sabotage. The quick withdrawal of Tylenol from the market alone cost the company half a billion dollars as moving cost. Ethical practices of the company are proving to be its competitive advantage (Williams, 2011). Strengths Workforce of 118,000 employees. Presence in 60 countries. More than 250 operating companies. The 8th largest pharmaceutical business and the 6th largest biotech business in the world. Recognized by the United Nations as the Humanitarian of the year for 2011 for the work of philanthropy touching lives of billions of people’s basic health care. Reported strong progress in the first of five year pledge to help save and improve lives of 120 million women and children in developing countries as part of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. Increasing sales of $ 61.1 bn in 2007, $ 63.7 bn in 2008, $ 61.9 bn in 2009, $ 61.6 bn in 2010 and $ 65 bn in 2011. Increased di vidends paid per share $ 1.620 (2007), $ 1.795 (2008), $ 1.930 (2009), $ 2.110 (2010) and $ 2.250 (2011). Development of new treatment for prostate cancer. 125 years of experience. A number of new innovative products to meet the unmet health care needs across the world. Strong product portfolios in immunology, oncology, surgical devices and emerging markets. Scientific innovation. Well positioned to grow and increase market leadership. Delivering sustainable growth for shareholders. Business restructured to manage cost structure, simplify business operations. Nine major approvals for new pharmaceutical products in the U.S. obtained as a result of continued research and development for the last five years incurring over $ 37 billion. The new products include STELERA and SIMPONI in immunology, PREZISTA, INTELENCE in HIV, ZYTIGA in oncology, XARELTO in cardiovascular disease segments. R D efforts in the segment of Medical Devices and Diagnostics (MD D) and consumer platforms, such as contact lenses, electrophysiology, advanced energy, biosurgicals, oral care, and skin care. These amount to $ 7.5 billion. New technologies for replenishment of certain segments. E.g., Fibrin Pad, canaglifozin and bapineuzumab are produced for treatment of hemostasis, diabetes, and Alzheimer’s disease respectively. Sizeable amount of capital reserves returned by of refund of shares and payment of retained dividends that further strengthened financial parameters. Pfizer Consumer Healthcare and Beijing Dabao Cosmetics Company Ltd in the Consumer business segment acquisitioned as part of company’s long term strategy. These were company’s strategic alliances to improve its market and competitive advantage. Crucell N.V. and Elan Corporation Plc were introduced in pharmaceutical business segment, pending acquisition of Synthes, Inc were applied in MDD business. Ingenuity, resiliency, tenacity, integrity and compassion shown by the people of Johnson Johnson during th e period of industry and global changes. Growth in adjusted earnings for the 28th consecutive year. It amounted to $ 13.9 billion, and adjusted earnings per share were $ 5. Worldwide sales of $ 65.0 billion reflecting an increase of 5.6 % from previous year. Development of â€Å"telaprevir† in partnership with Vertex Pharmaceuticals, which was approved in 2011 and set to meet the needs of treatment of hepatitis C affecting 170 million people all over the world. It is already in the market under the brand name IN CIVO in Europe. Making alliance with Bayer Healthcare. Due to that, drug by name XARELTO was introduced by the company in 2011. It is for the cure of complications arising out knee or hip replacement procedures. This medecine can also be administered to avoid stroke and systemic embolism in people suffering from nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Broad based business and expertise. These allowed to create devices like blood glucose monitors, insulin pumps, and develop n ew drugs like canagliflozin. Nutritional products, such as SPLENDA sweeteners, brought out through Consumer Wellness and Prevention business. 70 % of sales. This rate is attributed to two products having No. 1 and No.2 global market share positions. 25 % of sales from the new products launched in the last five years. Maintained AAA credit rating. Paid increased dividend to shareholders for the 49th consecutive year. Generated a free cash flow of about $ 11.4 billion. Exceeded Standard Poor‘s 500 and Dow Jones Industrial Average in respect of one year shareholder return at nearly 10 percent. The above comparison has been maintained over a long period.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company remains an investment choice for several decades (Johnson Johnson 2011). Johnson and Johnson was the first to introduce a sterilizing technique for catgut sutures. It was the company’s first major product. In the U.S., the company is able to keep their price increase in tune with Consumer Price Index (CPI). It is able to prevail upon the governments for differential pricing of its products so as to make its goods reach different segments of population. Thus, the company has agreement with the U.K. in respect of its product VELCADE meant for the treatment of multiple myelama. Another agreement was made with France for RISPERDAL and CONSTA for treatment of schizophrenia. Various companies and governments have also entered into agreements with the company for various risk sharing arrangements (Marketing Teacher.com, n.d). The company is able to offer discount for their baby care products and contact lens. Its promotional campaign â€Å"Beauty for all Ages† has been quite popular at Wallgreens. The company is involved in helping manage many cases, such as healthy life styles. There were a lot of programs to promote a healthy living, such as the campaign for Nursing’s future, Having a Baby Changes Things and Because We Care We Act. Its decentralized management approach gives its employees an entrepreneurial feel of the belief that they succeed to meet the customer needs and provide them with solutions (Marketing Teacher.com, n.d). Weaknesses Uncertain macroeconomic conditions; Patent expiration in two years for two of the company’s major drugs, Risperdal and Topmax which gained $ 6 billion in sales; Severe economic conditions that restrict consumer spending; Quality issues related to over-the-counter products at McNeil Consumer Healthcare; Recall of the DePuy ASR Hip system. As on January 1, 2012, the company is facing numerous product liability cases. Damages claimed are substantial although company’s warnings and instructions were adequate enough to counter such claims.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Johnson Johnson SWOT Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Yet it is difficult to predict the litigation outcomes. Approximately, there are 3,800 claimants for injuries due to LEVAQUIN, 4,700 in respect of ASRâ„ ¢ XL Acetabular System and DePuy ASRâ„ ¢ Hip Resurfacing System, 860 for PINNACLE, 420 for RISPERDAL, 480 for pelvic meshes, 95 for CYPHER stent and 60 for DURAGESIC. Johnson Johnson’s subsidiaries are facing intellectual property lawsuits in respect of Medical Devices and Diagnostics. In 2004, Tyco Healthcare Group LP (Tyco) and the U.S. Surgical Corporation sued Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc for infringement of four of TYCO patents by the company’s product EES’s HRAMONIC Scalpel in the U.S. District Court of Connecticut. Although the case was dismissed on the ground that TYCO did not own the patents, and the dismissal without prejudice also was affirmed in appeal, TYCO has filed complaint of similar infringements in the same court for monetary dama ges and injunctive relief in 2010. The case is expected to be heard in May 2012. Cordis Corporation filed lawsuits in New Jersey and Delaware courts against Guidant Corporation, Abbott Laboratories, Boston Scientific Corporation, Meditronic Ave in 2006 complaining that company’s Xience V (Abbott), Promus (Boston Scientific) and Endeavor (Meditronic) infringed several of their Cordis’s Wright/Falotico patents. Courts found the claims invalid, and they were also affirmed in appeals in one of the cases for lack of written description and written enablement. In 2007, Bruce Saffran sued for patent infringement against Johnson Johnson and Cordis in Texas court for infringement of the US Patent No. 5,653, 760. Court found in 2011 that Cordis infringed a patent issued to Saffran who was awarded with $ 482 million. Cordis was also ordered to pay $ 111 in addition in 2011 as pre-judgment interest. Cordis appealed, and the company has not made any accrual in this regard since it believes that there is no unfavorable outcome. In 2007, Rosche diagnostics filed lawsuit for patent infringement against Life Scan Inc. in Delaware Court for the reason that LifeScan’s blood glucose monitoring system infringed two of its patents related to the sue of microelectrode sensors. Lifescan obtained a favorable judgment. On appeal by Roche, appeal court has remanded the case for hearing on new findings. In 2008, Cordis filed lawsuit against Guidant, Abbott, Boston Scientific andMedtronic alleging that the Xience Vâ„ ¢ (Abbott), Promusâ„ ¢ (Boston Scientific) and Endeavor ® (Medtronic) infringed their Wyeth (now Pfizer) Morris patents. In January 2012, court summed up in the favour the defendants for lack of enablement and failure to describe the full scope of the invention sufficiently. Cordis is likely to appeal.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Similar lawsuits were brought by Rembrandt Vision Technologies L.P. in 2009. Howmedica Osteonics Corp and Styker Ireland Ltd filed lawsuits for patent infringements in Texas and New Jersey Courts respectively in 2011. Trials are pending. Company’s subsidiaries have instituted lawsuits in respect of pharmaceutical patent infringements starting from 2007 till date. Similarly lawsuits are also pending against the company’s subsidiaries (Johnson Johnson 2011). Opportunities Ageing of the world population contributes to more spending on health care costs. International presence and outward growth help the company avail of the opportunities for additional business emerging from global health care reforms. Cancers, mental health disorders, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, rheumatoid arthritis, and HIV present opportunities in the unmet medical needs. These give chances to control the market where the company has presence and can make investments to gain leadership. Health c are reforms evolving around the world requiring more cost effective health care solutions by the government payers and regulators present opportunities to make investments in personalized medicine, companion diagnostics in the fields of oncology and anti-psychotics. There are also new opportunities through acquisitions for new technologies, such as the product REVIVE SE device which saved the life of Mrs. Wecker through full recovery from her stroke. Similarly, company’s oncologist Bill Hait was saved from the use of newly introduced blood clot retrieval and removal device. Fibrin pad was developed through collaboration with Israel based Omrix Pharmaceuticals Ltd in the treatment of surgical bleeding. Sustained regulatory environment with a view of saving lives, mitigating patients’ sufferings, and addressing unmet medical needs allows to make innovations. Company supports strong regulatory presence since it ensures patient safety, and fast approvals of lifesaving medi cines (Johnson Johnson 2011). Threats Slowdown in economic growth, fluctuations in financial markets, increased unemployment and pressure on heath care costs have a negative impact on health care spending (Johnson Johnson 2011). There is regulatory high-handedness. Its global competitors are able to offer substitute products at lesser prices. Established pharmaceutical products with brand selling face major threats from generic manufacturers from local markets. Bio-technology may wipe out pharmaceutical technology in future. There exist regulatory pressures of different kinds in different countries (MBA Lectures 2010). Strengths Even before the advent of the 20th century, Johnson Johnson became an enterprise with international presence. It is credited with customer satisfaction and robust R D facilities. Large scale operations have helped the company minimize expenditure and become more competitive. Brand image, brand loyalty, and long standing customers are the plus points for the company. It commands world wide presence with as many as 250 subsidiary companies operating in about 57 companies. The company’s products are represented in 175 countries as in 2008, and its annual sales revenue for the year ended in 2011 is $ 65,030 millions. The company has been able to differentiate from its competitors. With vast diversification in pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and consumer packaged goods, the company enjoys the competitive advantage over the others. Johnson Johnson has more than 29,925 internet domains associated with Internet and technology organizations having web presence (MBA Lectures, 2010). Strategic acquisitions mean that its stable financial position has enabled Johnson Johnson to make timely acquisitions utilizing its cash reserves. Its triple –A credit rating indicates its ability to seize opportunities by remaining free from financial debt burden. Product diversification has enabled the company to avoid dependence on any p articular market segment or product portfolio. Its long range plans of diversification are set to be completed by 2014. Positive revenue growth projections include that the new products launched will more than compensate its decline in revenues from prescription pharmaceutical market, and an increase of 1.8 % in 2008-14 is sure to be achieved (Marketing Teacher.com, n.d). Weaknesses On April 30, 2010, Johnson Johnson’s subsidiary company had to recall 43 kinds of OTC medicines that include Benadr, Tylenol Plus, Tylenol and Zyrtec. In 2010, Johnson Johnson was sued by the U.S. government unethical distribution of drugs to dementia patients through Omnicare. Several of its products are outdated due to patents or copy rights expiry. The company incurs heavily on expenditures related to information gathering having no value added output or input. Due to its copyright expirations, the company is facing lot of pressure to reduce its prices. Company is largely dependant on reven ues from Risperdal and CNS (MBA Lectures 2010). Its new products recently launched are subject to uncertainties of market forces and regulatory overview. Reliance on small molecule drugs, which are subject to competition from generics market, puts the company at a disadvantage (Marketing Teacher.com, n.d). Opportunities The company’s acquisition of Pfizer will add to its growth substantially. Johnson Johnson enjoys competitive edge to enhance its market capture by way of innovative products and sustained product development. The company has been leveraging its international presence with the strategies of joint ventures and acquisitions. It’s foray into diagnostics and medical devices markets helps promote the growth of its markets. Growth in the economy round the corner promises increased customer spending which will in turn reflect in company’s enhanced sales revenues. The company has the unique synergistic advantage in maximizing its revenues through acqui sitions of diverse range of companies (MBA Lectures 2010) Cross selling opportunities abound due to its strategic acquisitions and strategic positioning. The disease life cycle presents unlimited growth opportunities in the segments of Cardiovascular, oncology, diabetes and I I therapy. Market for biological products has a huge potential not only to compensate its loss of market due to patents expiry on molecules. A biological major has already joined hands with the company in 2009 to develop and commercially exploit the items, such as therapeutic proteins Procrit, Natrcor, and monoclonal antibodies, such as Remicade, Reopro, Simponi, and Stelara. These provide the company with the intellectual property rights opportunities so as to strengthen its discovery rights (Marketing Teacher.com, n.d.; Johnson Johnson SWOT Analysis, n.d.). Threats There is a regulatory high-handedness. Its global competitors are able to offer substitute products at lesser prices. Established pharmaceutic al products with brand selling face major threats from generic manufacturers to local markets. Bio-technology may wipe out pharmaceutical technology in the future. There exist regulatory pressures of different kinds in different countries (MBA Lectures 2010). References Boone, L. E. Kurtz, D. L., (2011). Contemporary Business, USA: John Wiley Sons. Johnson Johnson, (2011). Annual Report. Web. Johnson Johnson SWOT Analysis. Web. MBA Lectures, (2010).  SWOT Analysis of Johnson Johnson. Web. SWOT Analysis of Johnson Johnson. Web. Williams, C., (2011). Management . Ohio, USA: Cengage Learning. This critical writing on Johnson Johnson SWOT Analysis was written and submitted by user Ibrahim V. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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The Influences of Scientific Management on Organization †Mgmt Essay

The Influences of Scientific Management on Organization – Mgmt Essay Free Online Research Papers The Influences of Scientific Management on Organization Mgmt Essay Taylor, who firstly brought up a new topic, Scientific Management, which is considered the strongest and only economical motive by both workman and entrepreneur in the early 20th centuries. It includes three parts: a) the study of time and action; b) the management on assignment; c) the theory of organization. (8)Taylor’s theory created a revolution in the subject of management because it was the first scientific method in field of management science. (1)After that, management became a truly scientific knowledge and it expanded and modified by later generations. Therefore, Taylor is â€Å"known as the father of scientific management†. (2) Taylor put forward a perspective which was â€Å"study the character, the nature and the performance of each workman† and moreover, to â€Å"train and help and teach this workman†. (3) In the following paragraphs, will exploring the relevant and irrelevant hypotaxis between Scientific Management and organizations. Scientific Management also has a relationship with today’s environment because it has two advantages. Firstly, compare to the past, management is getting more scientific. How to improve production efficiency is the starting point of Scientific Management, and also is the final destination. It aims to unearth and cultivate workmen’s endowment, let them have the best performance in their work to obtain the highest efficiency farthest. Taylor said that the enormous increasing in production efficiency was the evident distinction to differentiate which a nation was civilized one or not. Moreover, it is the huge progressive emblem of human’s community. To change the production efficiency, he focused on management and labor. It based on â€Å"co-operation between the management and workers† (4) close together. The most quick and effective way is to import scientific analyses and knowledge into management practice, using scientific method instead of experienced wa y in various categories of work. â€Å"Bring everyone’s production efficiency into full play to accomplish maximum profit.†(5)For example, nowadays in the situation of teem of two workers in the factories, the fact is clearly identical. To understand that a worker and his helper, their workmanship become a extraordinary skill .The worker and his helper can produce two TV sets in one day, meanwhile, their competitor and helper can only produce one. After selling, the worker and helper can earn more money; the management can make more profits. In the same way, two competitive companies, different areas in a country, even between two nations, they will have the same situation while they in the same competitive market. In any case, maximum profit can only be occurred when the production efficiency is maximized. And Scientific Management is a better medium to increase production efficiency (6). Secondly; it created a revolution in the inner world of labor and management. The change in the mental world is absolutely necessary if management try to control more efficacious. â€Å"Scientific Managements routine characteristic is in harmony, but not in discord.†(7) The most important point in each element of Scientific Management is the labor and capital closely co-operated; peaceful coexistence, but not struggle; show love and respect instead of quarrel and conflict; take a identical target instead of proceed in opposite directions; to understand and trust each other instead of to be envious; let the labor and capital become friends instead of opponents. (8) These are the essence of Scientific Management. â€Å"To co-operated, but not to be individualism.†(7) Taylor placed emphasis on the capital need to respect, show consideration and feel sorry for labor; eliminate the uneasy factors in a work conditions; make workers feel happy during working hours. He believed that management and worker can be co-operated because of they could agree with each other for making profit. Higher wages is the only target of labor. Capital wants to seek out the way to achieve minimum capitalized cost. Taylor deemed that if capital and labor can agree with him, and makes the mental revolution happen afterwards, thus they can sign the productivity agreement and then pay more attention on how to increase the surplus rather than argue about the distribution of surplus make, until the surplus make is big enough. Anyway, it is the first time to treat a worker like a human being, but not a tool as machine does; the first time to pay close attention to human factor’s effect in the business management. Those opinions he had pointed out, take a big step in the history of management idea.(8) In this day and age, one Japanese company which called Panasonic has followed what Taylor said, the boss always thinks about the inferiors, listens to what they claim about. Th e head tells everybody in the company that Panasonic belongs to everybody and he gives workers about 10% shares in the stock market. All employees in the company have strong sense of responsibility. So Panasonic become one of the most famous companies on the world. In China everyone knows one adage, â€Å"A gentleman is ready to die for his bosom friends†. They have analogous meaning. Capital cares labor, thus labor would â€Å"fight† for them. â€Å"Taylor was not really concerned with other organizational or management issues. His focus was on efficiency.†(9) Consequently, for aim to improve the production efficiency, he suggested that people had to follow what his method said. However, workers might not be adopting Taylors method. (10) Although the time for products is decreasing, whereas products reiterate again and again. Taylor’s method was â€Å"characterized as the machine model of organization†. (9) His opinions caused a conspicuous influence on the business organization and how workers were took over. However, unfortunately, labor dislikes this way. Labors are humans, not machines. They can not do the things like machines do. They have feelings, they can not over working and concentrate for long periods, and otherwise, they will feel deep pressure and decrease the working efficiency. In this case, some workers will slack in work, no matter how much the wages are. (If wages are too low, they will leave the factory or company). Several times later, others who originally work reall y hard will be affected by those people, such an example like termites, a big house maybe destroyed by merely a small brood of termites. Therefore, others will follow those â€Å"termites†, because they might think that if everybody has the same salary, why should they keep doing hard at work? It is unfair. At last, a vicious circle created. Theses firms will decreasing productive and might be exit the market. The ultimate purpose of Taylor’s method is aim to improve economical benefits. If a firm in the market can not produce the economical benefits, it will be supplanted by others in the market, and not only of this, a firm which can not make economical benefits also waste of social resource, commit a crime. (8) However, Taylor omitted the social benefit. It will make firms resort to dubious shift to further their interests, ignore the long-term benefits, offend against the law, ruin social benefits, and lose market or even make the social economic shaky and unstable. For example, one famous magazine has discussed and elected top 500 businesses in the world in 1950s.After 40 years, half of them disappeared. The basic reason is that they only seek about the economical benefits. However, Panasonic has done quite well. It combined the economical benefits and social benefits. This is the reason that why Panasonic undefeated. (8) Although Taylor’s Scientific Management brought out many scientific points, he leaved one important thing out of consideration. That was what people called humanism. (8)What he researches is still the technological innovation inside the work. Nowadays people can only consider it to be an excellence theory in workshop management. Because in the capitalist society which based on private ownership of productions, capital is wanted as primitive accumulation and surplus wealth is shortage, capital and labor can not agree with the radical benefits. Capital purses infinity surplus value, so they would not authentic care or feels sorry to labor. Thus, what Taylor’s method tried to harmonize class contradictions between the capital and labor, unite them as a unity that share the mutually beneficial, however, it will only be treated as a beautiful fantasy. (8) To sum up, Scientific Management attaches importance to technology and individual work efficiency too much, omits many limitations such as the whole function of business. However, because of Taylor, production efficiency has improved, products become more and more plentiful. Nowadays people can have a rich and colorful life like a king in the past. (8) â€Å"Much of core of Scientific Management remains with us today, only been modified, updated and given a human face.†(9) References: Samson, D. Draft, R. L. (Pacific Rim Edition) Management. Australia: Thomson Learning.(page 51-52) Patricia H. W. R. Edward Freeman. (1995) Business ethics. The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Management, vol.11, (page 622). Taylor, F. W. (1947) Scientific Management. New York: Harper.(page 47) Nigel Slack. (1995).Operation Management. The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Management, vol. 10, (page 186-187). Taylor’s theory of Scientific Management .Retrieved August 13th,2005,available from 365hr.com.cn/qyzx/20sjqygl/llp/llp_2.htm Basic theory of Scientific Management. Retrieved August 13th,2005,available from manage9.com/type.asp?news_id=87 The best way in management. Retrieved August 14th,2005,available from manage9.com/type.asp?news_id=88 The particular points in Scientific Management. Retrieved August 14, 2005,available from lwzx.net/lunwen/4925.htm People Whose Ideas Influence Organizational Work. Retrieved August 14th ,2005,available from onepine.info/ptaylor.htm Patricia Ryaby Backer. (1998).Scientific Management. Retrieved August 14th, 2005, available from engr.sjsu.edu/pabacker/scientific_mgt.htm Research Papers on The Influences of Scientific Management on Organization - Mgmt EssayThe Project Managment Office SystemResearch Process Part OneDefinition of Export QuotasAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfTwilight of the UAWGenetic EngineeringMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 Europe

Kelloggs Supply Chain

Kelloggs Supply Chain Introduction Supply chain management involves the creation, implementation and management of all the processes involved in delivering raw materials from suppliers to manufacturers followed by making of the final product, and delivering the finished product to retail buyers until it reaches the end customer (Bozarth 2011).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Kellogg’s Supply Chain specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Supply chain can be said to entail the flow of raw materials (from suppliers to manufacturers to retailers and finally to the end consumer), and flow of information and cash from customers to manufacturers and back to the suppliers. Logistics is part of this supply chain, and supply chain is part of the value chain (‘The Times 100 Business Case Studies’ 2012). Effective and successful supply chain management is very important in gaining a competitive advantage. To realize the benefits of succe ssful supply chain management, the following issues should be considered: Business location: It is important to locate a business in a place that is convenient to its operations (‘The Times 100 Business Case Studies’ 2012). For instance, an electricity generation business should be located near rivers, or lakes. This is in order to reduce delivery costs. A business dealing with selling of fresh products should be located near its warehouses and stores. This helps to keep its products fresh. According to the case study on Kelloggs supply chain, Kellogg has its ingredients grown in many different countries across the world. Therefore, it is important to situate its manufacturing sites near its distribution channels and customers. This way, Kellogg’s products can reach the retailers’ shelves quickly (‘The Times 100 Business Case Studies’ 2012).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your fir st paper with 15% OFF Learn More Size and scale: A business should consider its production capacity. This means that if a business produces in large scale, then it should have a large storage facility as well as a large office space for its operations. On the contrary, if it produces in small scale, then it should have a small production and storage space. For instance, Kellogg produces its cereals and other products in bulk (‘The Times 100 Business Case Studies’ 2012). Large scale production has its benefits. One is that, it can make a business incur negligible costs of production in its operations. As a result of this, its products are likely to sell cheaply as compared to the competitors. This can be referred to as a competitive advantage. Customer location (‘The Times 100 Business Case Studies’ 2012): In order to achieve a competitive advantage, a business should consider where its target customers are situated. This way, it can arrange for cost effective means of transporting its products. For instance, for oversees customers it would be best to use air transport in order to reduce time and to maintain the quality of the products. It is also advisable to consider the cost effectiveness of the means of transport to be used with customer’s location in mind. For example, for customers near the production centre, it is advisable to use road transport because it is cheaper. Economies of scale (‘The Times 100 Business Case Studies’ 2012): A business should take advantage of this by producing in large scale, thereby transporting in bulk. This way it can reduce the trips covered to transport its products to customers. As a result, less transport costs will be incurred making the products competitive in the market since unit distribution costs are minimal.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Kellogg’s Supply Chain specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Kellogg shares transportation of its transportation with Kimberley Clark, which manufactures paper goods products. This strategy helps to reduce the number of part-full or empty transport vehicles. Consequently, time, mileage and CO2 emissions are minimized. Profits are maximized if this is done. Outsourcing of transport costs: A business can allocate transportation roles to a different company. This means that the outsourced company transports on behalf of the business. The advantage of this strategy is that it could be cheaper to outsource rather than the business doing its own transportation. Another benefit is that a business will concentrate its resources on production which improves efficiency. For instance, Kellogg partners with TDG, a logistics specialist. TDG stores and transports Kellogg’s cereals. This allows Kelloggs to concentrate on its area of specialization which is manufacturing of cereals among other food products (‘The Times 100 Business Case Studies’ 2012). Creating and improving healthy relationships with the intermediaries (Gligor Autry 2012): Intermediaries such as wholesalers and retailers deal with customers directly. Therefore, if businesses have good relationships with them, they can promote its products. A business can come up with ways of adding value to the intermediaries. A good example is Kellogg’s Shelf Ready Unit that Kellogg developed with Tesco (one of Kellogg’s retail supermarkets). This unit displays Kellogg’s and Tesco’s products and attracts customers because it is attractive and easy to select. As a result, this increases their sales and profits. Right marketing mix: In order for the business to have a competitive advantage, it should ensure that it has the right product, in the right place and at the right time. It should conduct market research in order to know the needs of the customers. It should also keep in mind customer location. In order for the prod ucts to reach the customers on time, it should have effective distribution channels. For example, Kellogg manufactures the right products based on research into consumer needs. It also manages the distribution channels in order to place its products in stores. This makes its products to be competitive.4Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Use of efficient stock inventory software: Such software enables a company to detect and respond to changes in product levels, demand and supply (Handfield 2011). In short, such software aims at achieving optimization or the highest level of production possible. Just-in-time is an example of such software. It ensures that only enough products are produced to fulfill orders and therefore limited stock is kept. Such systems ensure that stock is always available, and ordered products are delivered on time. This helps to reduce storage costs and consequently help in achieving competitive advantage. Improving inter-organizational exchange relationships: This involves effective communication of reliable and timely information between two or more players in the supply chain (Gligor Autry 2012). A business should aim at establishing ways of communicating effectively with its suppliers, wholesalers and retailers. This can reduce uncertainty as well as lower the costs of production. For exam ple, with effective communication with the supplier, a business is able to know changes in supplier capacity and make timely adjustments on the level of production so as not to affect production capacity. Competent supplier evaluation: In order to achieve competitive advantage, a business should evaluate its suppliers based on their competence. Factors such as delivery ability, flexibility of orders, quality and reliability as well as pricing can be used as a benchmark to select the best supplier (Breitenbach 2011). For instance, a vendor that has exceptional ability to deliver on time will reduce delay in production, which can affect the level of output. Additionally, a supplier that provides exceptional quality and reliability will deliver products that tie with the business requirements. This can save money and time spent on inspecting quality and quantity of the products. Effective procurement (purchase) and distribution of products: For a business to offer affordable prices to its customers, it can reduce the costs of purchasing its production materials. This can be implemented during procurement. For instance, Wal-Mart is a large retail chain which deals with various products. Some of them are food products while others are consumer electronics. It uses this strategy of reducing costs during procurement. Wal-Mart does this by buying its goods directly from the manufacturers and suppliers. As a result, it is able to bypass the intermediaries, agents and middlemen (Angrish et al. 2005). This leads to reduced procurement and distribution costs and this way Wal-Mart affords to sell its products at very competitive prices. Use of bar codes, hand held computer systems such as ‘Magic Wand’: The bar codes can be used to put labels on products, shelves and bins while the hand held computer can guide the employee to the exact location of a product. This device can record and update the packaging department on product levels. Wal-Mart also uses RFID (R adio Frequency Identification System) which is much more effective (Angrish et al. 2005). These mechanisms allow Wal-Mart to meet expectations of the clients fast and to increase the competence level of the distribution center operations. Introduction of E-commerce in supply chain management: E-commerce and e-business involves or entails commercial transactions conducted over the internet. This enables a business to buy or sell its products on the internet (Zank Vokurka 2003). When a business uses the internet to conduct its business, it reduces costs such as transport and advertising. For example, a business person selling services such as consultancy need not travel from one place to another in order to do business. This helps to reduce time and transport costs. A business selling books over the internet does not incur any advertising costs making the books cheaper. E-business can make a business very competitive since products and services incur fewer costs compared to competito rs who do not use the internet. Conclusion Supply chain management involves creation, management and implementation of processes involved in the supply chain. Some of the processes include packaging, procurement, transportation and distribution. In order for a business to achieve a competitive advantage, it should consider some factors that can help it to improve the processes in its supply chain. Such factors are business location, size and scale of operations, customer location, economies of scale, outsourcing of transport costs, creation and improvement of healthy relationships with the intermediaries among others. A business should aim at improving these factors in order to reduce its production and distribution costs. When the costs of production are high, the prices of end products will also be high. On the other hand, the lower the costs of production, the lower the prices of end products. A business with high production costs will increase the cost of its final products maki ng them less competitive than a business with low production costs. Consequently, when the end products are affordable, sales and profits will rise and vice versa. References Angrish, S, Chivukula, S, Devvitt, V, Patel, B, Shamsi, R, Yellapragada, S, Ramachandra 2005, ‘Wal-Mart Case Study’, RFID and Supply Chain Management. Bozarth, C 2011, ‘A Quick Premier on BPM’, Business Process Management. Breitenbach, Z 2011, ‘What Should the Professional Supply Chain Manager Know about Six Sigma’, Supply Chain Management. Gligor, D Autry, C 2012, ‘The role of personal relationships in facilitating supply chain communications’, A Qualitative study, vol. 48 no. 1, pp. 24-43. Handfield, R 2011, ‘The Supply Chain IT Investment Enigma’, Companies are Rethinking IT Investments. ‘The Times 100 Business Case Studies’ 2012, Kellogg’s Case Study: Supply chain manufacturing to shelf. Zank, G Vokurka, R 2003, ‘T he Internet’, Motivations, deterrents, and impact on supply chain relationships.

Discussion Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Discussion - Movie Review Example He resorts to painting one of the most sarcastic pieces of work he ever did, presenting himself in the painting as the villain of peace thereby suggesting a guilty plea. His youthful life existed during the time of religious dilemma in Italy attributed to artistic symbols used by the Catholic Faithfuls in Italy (Schama 1). The fact that Catholic Faithfuls successfully shot back idolatry accusations leveled against them by the Protestants from Northern Europe offered even better environment for Caravaggio to thrive in his yet to be painting career. Caravaggio’s artistic work majorly revolved around slavish copying of surrounding phenomenon while presenting them in exactly opposite and unexpected form. For instance, he painted himself as Bacchus, the god of wine who was also a symbol of beauty and youthfulness in an opposite but similar way. His nature-twist form of art did catch attentions. He got a special invitation from Maria Del Monte, a Cardinal in Rome to move into the palazzo. However, despite the struggles, recognition and fame, Caravaggio’s life remained more or less the same. He committed murder, ended up in the wrong side of the law. Born in Spain in 1599, Velazquez grew up a talented man in painting. Humbled, relatively peaceful, and benign paintings dominated his artistic choice throughout his pieces of work. His painting reflected the ancient ways of livelihood in Southern Europe. He painted taverns cum pubs, kitchens, and contrasting family pictures showing innocent faces of both old and young alike. The paintings appeared distinct than painting could be, presenting the household picture the way it ought to appear explicit (ZCZFilms 1). Velazquez’s appreciation for the role of the family and religion in social livelihood became a major theme dominant in his paintings. The theme ranged from painting of a pub, kitchen, humbled family members, and a portrait similar to that of Virgin Mary. He valued his wife so much